Introduction
Dry, cracked noses are a common problem for many dogs. A dog’s nose is made of sensitive skin without natural oils or protection from sun and elements. Extremes in temperature and humidity, combined with sun exposure, can quickly dry out a dog’s nose and lead to painful cracking and peeling.
If left untreated, the cracked areas on a dog’s nose provide an opening for bacteria, viruses and fungi to enter. This can lead to infections and discomfort. Severe nose crack also impacts a dog’s ability to smell and serve as a sensitive sensory organ.
Luckily, with some diligent home care and protection, dry dog noses can be healed and prevented. This article provides helpful tips and remedies dog owners can use to keep their pup’s snout smooth, supple and healthy.
Causes of Dry, Cracked Dog Noses
There are several potential causes of dry, cracked dog noses:
Dry Air and Low Humidity
Dry air with low humidity is a very common cause of cracked noses in dogs. The dry air simply dries out the sensitive skin on the nose over time, resulting in cracking. This is especially common in the winter when indoor heaters run frequently.
Allergies
Dogs can develop allergies to things like pollen, dust mites, mold, and more. These allergies can cause chronic irritation and inflammation of the nasal skin, leading to drying, flaking, and cracking.
Sunburn
Yes, dogs can get sunburned noses! The nose is vulnerable to sun damage just like other skin. Extended sun exposure can burn the tender nasal tissue and cause peeling, irritation, and cracking.
Chemical Irritants
Chemicals that a dog may come into contact with can irritate the nose and cause dryness and cracking. This includes things like lawn chemicals, harsh shampoos, and cleaning products.
Nutritional Deficiencies
A lack of certain nutrients like vitamins A and E, fatty acids, and zinc can affect skin and nose health. Nutritional deficiencies compromise the skin integrity and healing ability.
Symptoms
A cracked and dry dog nose often exhibits some common symptoms, including:
Cracked, flaky skin – The skin on the nose will start to peel, crack, and flake off, sometimes even leading to wounds or scabs.
Redness – Along with the cracked areas, the skin may become red and irritated as well.
Scabs/sores – Repeated cracking and dryness can create scabs or open sores on the nose.
Discharge – Fluid or pus may discharge from irritated areas on the nose.
Licking or pawing at nose – The discomfort of the dry, cracked nose can cause dogs to excessively lick, scratch, rub, or paw at their noses.
Home Remedies
There are several natural home remedies that can provide relief for a dog’s dry, cracked nose.
Petroleum Jelly
Applying a small amount of petroleum jelly to the affected areas 1-2 times per day can help moisturize dry skin. Make sure to use veterinarian-approved petroleum jelly. Check that your dog does not try to lick it off.
Coconut Oil
Coconut oil contains fatty acids that can help hydrate dry skin. Rub a very small amount onto the cracked areas of your dog’s nose 1-2 times daily. Like petroleum jelly, make sure your dog does not lick the coconut oil off.
Natural Moisturizers
There are some natural moisturizers made specifically for pets that can be gently applied to dry noses. Look for products with soothing ingredients like vitamin E, aloe vera, shea butter or oat extracts.
Aloe Vera
The cooling gel from an aloe vera plant can help soothe irritated skin on a dog’s nose. Apply a small amount 2-3 times a day. Be careful, as some dogs may try to lick or eat the aloe vera gel.
Hydration
One of the best ways to help a dry, cracked dog nose is to ensure your dog stays properly hydrated. Dehydration is a common cause of nose dryness. Make sure your dog has constant access to fresh, clean water. Change the water frequently throughout the day. You can also add more moisture to your dog’s diet by:
- Adding water to dry kibble or canned food
- Switching to wet dog food, which has higher moisture content
- Making bone broth for your dog to drink
Broths provide hydration along with nutrients that can help heal skin. Make homemade bone broth using bones, meat, and vegetables simmered for several hours. Let the broth cool before serving. Providing plenty of fluids can lubricate your dog’s nose from the inside out.
Increase Humidity for Skin Relief
Adding moisture to the air can provide soothing relief for your dog’s dry, cracked nose. Here are some handy tips for upping the humidity around your pup:
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Use a cool mist humidifier near areas your dog spends time. Aim for 40-60% humidity to provide comfort without promoting mold growth.
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Take your dog outside on humid days or during light rain. The moist air outside can provide a reprieve for their nasal planum.
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Give your dog steamy bathroom visits. Run a hot shower to fill the room with soothing water vapor. Just make sure the room doesn’t get too hot for your pup!
The added moisture from these techniques may help hydrate your dog’s nose while sealing in skin oils. Be sure to monitor the humidity levels to keep your home comfortable for both you and your dog.
Sun Protection
Protecting your dog’s nose from sun damage is crucial for preventing dryness and cracking. Here are some tips:
Use Dog Sunscreen
Look for sunscreens made specifically for dogs that are “non-toxic” and “hypoallergenic.” Apply to your dog’s nose 30 minutes before going outside. Reapply frequently, especially if your dog swims. This protects from UV rays.
Limit Time in Direct Sun
Try to avoid having your dog out in the midday sun when UV rays are strongest. Schedule outdoor time in the mornings and evenings when it’s cooler. Seek shaded areas during walks.
Provide Shade Outdoors
Make sure your dog has shade available in your backyard. Consider a dog house, shade canopy or tarp. You can also plant trees. Providing shade prevents sun damage to your dog’s nose.
Allergy Management
If your dog’s nose is dry and cracked due to allergies, there are some steps you can take to help manage the symptoms and soothe your dog’s nose:
Give Antihistamines – You can talk to your vet about giving your dog antihistamines like Benadryl to help reduce allergy symptoms. Follow dosage directions carefully.
Remove Allergens – Try to identify and remove anything in your home or environment that may be triggering your dog’s allergies. This could include dust, pollen, mold, etc. Frequently wash bedding and vacuum to reduce allergens.
Bathe Regularly – Bathe your dog regularly with a gentle, hydrating shampoo to wash away any allergens on their skin and coat. This can help soothe skin and minimize allergy flare ups.
Nutrition
A dog’s diet can play an important role in keeping their nose properly hydrated and healthy. Make sure your dog’s food contains nutrients that promote skin health:
Omega Fatty Acids – Essential fatty acids like omega-3s and omega-6s found in fish oils, flaxseed, and other sources help maintain the lipid barrier on a dog’s nose. This keeps moisture in and irritants out.
Vitamin E – This antioxidant vitamin supports skin health and healing. It’s found in plant oils, nuts, seeds, and leafy greens.
Quality Proteins – Amino acids from protein-rich foods are vital for repairing and regenerating skin cells. Choose lean meats, eggs, dairy, legumes, etc.
Probiotics – These healthy gut bacteria support immune function and reduce inflammation. Yogurt, kefir, fermented foods, and supplements provide probiotics.
Talk to your vet about the best dietary options for your dog’s unique needs. A diet tailored to their health issues can help keep their nose in great shape.
When to See the Vet
Most cases of dry, cracked nose can be managed at home with the remedies outlined above. However, it’s important to monitor your dog’s condition and watch for signs that the cracking is not improving or is getting worse. Here are some reasons to seek veterinary care for a dry, cracked nose:
No improvement with remedies – If you’ve tried the home remedies for 1-2 weeks without seeing any improvement in your dog’s nose, it’s time to have a veterinarian take a look. The dryness may be a sign of an underlying health issue.
Severe cracking/bleeding – Deep cracks that bleed or seem infected require professional treatment. Leaving these open wounds untreated can allow bacteria to enter and cause a serious infection.
Signs of infection – Redness, swelling, pus, foul odor, and fever can indicate the cracks have become infected. This requires prescription antibiotic ointments/medications.
Persistent pawing and discomfort – If the dry nose seems to be really bothering your dog and causing incessant pawing and rubbing, a vet visit can provide relief with prescription medications.