Introduction
Mats are dense tangles and knots that form in a dog’s fur coat. They occur when loose hair and undercoat get tangled around itself without proper and frequent brushing. Mats form most commonly behind the ears, under the legs, and near the tail where hair is thick and prone to tangles (source).
As mats tighten they can begin pulling on a dog’s skin, leading to discomfort, skin irritation, and even infection. Mats also trap moisture close to the skin allowing yeast and bacteria to grow, causing skin issues. Removing mats is important to keep a dog’s coat clean and prevent skin problems (source).
It’s critical for dog owners to frequently brush their dog’s coat and properly remove any mats before they worsen. Learning the best tools and techniques to detangle and humanely remove mats will keep a dog comfortable and prevent skin problems.
Causes of Mats
There are several factors that can lead to mats forming in a dog’s coat:
Certain breeds like Shih Tzus, Poodles, and Cocker Spaniels are more prone to matting due to their dense, curly coats that tend to tangle easily (source). Insufficient brushing is another major cause of matting. When the undercoat sheds and dead hair is not removed through regular brushing and combing, it binds together forming dense knots (source). Things that cause extra tangles and encourage matting include moisture from swimming or bathing, burrs and debris caught in the coat, skin conditions that cause excessive shedding, and loose collar fibers wrapping around the fur (source).
Problems Caused by Mats
Severe matting can cause a number of problems for dogs. Matted fur pulls and binds the skin, which can lead to irritation, inflammation and even infections. According to Woofgang Fleming Island, “Even mild matting can be painful, but in severe cases, matting can cut off circulation to your dog’s skin and cause hematomas” (https://woofgangflemingisland.com/blog/what-your-groomer-wants-you-to-know-about-matting/). The constant pulling and tension on the skin from mats can allow bacteria and fungus to grow, leading to infections.
Mats can also restrict a dog’s movement if they build up around the legs, tail or other joints. The Dog Nest explains that “Matted fur can lead to skin irritation as well as infections due to bacteria or fungus growth” (https://thedognest.com/matted-dog-hair-why-its-dangerous-and-how-to-prevent-it/). The mats make it difficult and painful for the dog to move normally. Left untreated, severe matting all over a dog’s body can negatively impact their mobility and quality of life.
Preventing Mats
The best way to deal with mats is to prevent them from forming in the first place. Preventing mats requires consistent maintenance of your dog’s coat through regular brushing, bathing, and grooming.
Experts recommend brushing your dog’s coat thoroughly at least once a week, if not more often depending on the length and texture of the coat. Using a slicker brush or metal comb can help remove tangles and loose hair before they have a chance to form into mats (source).
Bathing your dog regularly with a moisturizing shampoo and conditioner also helps to prevent mats by keeping the coat clean and hydrated. Avoid washing too frequently though, as this can dry out the skin and hair. Follow up baths by thoroughly brushing and drying the coat.
Keeping the coat trimmed to an appropriate length for the breed can reduce the risk of matting as well. Longer hair is more prone to tangles. Regular trims and professional grooming appointments may be necessary to maintain a manageable coat length.
Detangling Sprays
Detangling sprays are formulated to make combing out mats and tangles easier on a dog’s coat. They contain ingredients like oils, silicone, and emollients that help lubricate the hair strands and allow a comb to glide through knots with less pulling and breakage.
The main pros of using a detangling spray are that they reduce breakage and make dematting less painful for the dog. Many also contain moisturizers and conditioners to keep the coat hydrated. Some popular products include John Paul Pet Lavender Mint Detangling Spray, Groomer’s Edge Detangling Spray, and TropiClean Tangle Remover Spray.
A potential downside is some dogs are sensitive to certain ingredients like fragrances. It’s best to spot test a new product first. Using too much spray can also leave the coat greasy. Light misting works better than saturating the coat.
When shopping, look for sprays designed specifically for dog coats, as human products may not offer enough slip. Also ensure it’s safe if ingested, in case the dog licks its coat. Follow directions carefully, spraying enough to moisten the hair without oversaturating.
De-Matting Combs
De-matting combs are specifically designed for tackling dense mats and tangles in a dog’s coat. They have long, fine teeth that can penetrate deep into the fur to gently separate and detangle knots at the base. The teeth on de-matting combs are typically stainless steel for maximum durability and effectiveness.
De-matting combs work by grabbing onto the mat and slowly combing out knots from end to base. The fine teeth help break up tangles without pulling or cutting your dog’s hair. Most quality de-matting combs have an ergonomic handle that provides comfort and control when working through thick coats.
Pros of de-matting combs include:
- Reach deep into coat to gently loosen mats
- Durable stainless steel teeth
- Ergonomic handle for comfort and control
- Don’t cut or damage hair like clippers can
Some cons to consider:
- Can take time and patience to fully work out dense mats
- Not as effective for thinning or detangling top coat
- Need a light touch to avoid discomfort
Top-rated de-matting combs include the Safari De-matting Comb and the Chris Christensen Long Tooth Undercoat Rake.
De-Matting Rakes
De-matting rakes work by cutting through tangles and mats in a dog’s coat. They typically have a handle with metal tines that are designed to cut through matted fur while sparing the skin underneath.
De-matting rakes are available in different sizes and with different spacing between the tines depending on the coat type of the dog. Wider spacing between the tines works better for long, thick coats while closer spacing works better for short coats.1
The main pros of using a de-matting rake are:
- Cuts through mats effectively
- Works well for thick coats
- Less expensive than other de-matting tools
Some cons are:
- Can pull or scratch the skin if used too aggressively
- Not as effective for severely matted coats
- Need a delicate touch to avoid discomfort
Some top-rated de-matting rakes include:
- Safari Single Row Undercoat Rake2
- Hertzko Self Cleaning Slicker Brush
- GoPets Dematting Comb with Grooming Rake
Clippers
Clippers can be an effective tool for removing severe mats and tangles from a dog’s coat. They work by shearing through the matted hair to cut it away from the skin. Clippers get the job done quickly compared to painstakingly working through mats with a comb or brush.
According to Wag Walking, “Clippers can be used, but a dog that is not used to being clipped can be frightened of the clippers, and sensitive skin can still be hurt even with clippers.” [1] So it’s important to introduce the clippers gradually and use care when working around delicate areas.
Some top-rated clippers for dematting include the Andis Pro-Animal Clipper Kit, Wahl Arco Cordless Clipper, and Oster Turbo A5 2 Speed Clipper. Look for clippers designed for heavy duty use with adjustable blades and multiple speed settings. And be sure to use a new, sharp blade to reduce pulling on the matted coat.
The main downside to using clippers for dematting is you will end up shaving the dog very short. For dogs with extremely matted coats, this may be the quickest and most humane option. But it results in a dramatic change in appearance. Slow, careful work with dematting tools can sometimes save more of the length.
When to Seek Professional Help
In some cases, it’s best to seek help from a professional groomer or vet when dealing with mats, such as:
Severe matting – If the mats are very dense, widespread, and tightly attached to the skin, it can be too difficult and risky for an owner to remove them. Professional groomers have the proper tools and experience to humanely remove severe matting.
Sensitive dogs – Highly anxious, elderly, or medically fragile dogs may become extremely stressed by the dematting process. A trained groomer can help keep them relaxed and comfortable.
Risk of injury – Attempting to remove large, stubborn mats carries the risk of hurting the dog by pulling their skin or cutting them if scissors slip. Leave it to the professionals if injury seems likely.
According to this groomer’s blog, matted dogs often require sedation or anesthesia for humane dematting, so an owner should schedule a professional grooming rather than prolonging a painful matting issue.
Conclusion
In summary, there are several effective tools for removing mats from a dog’s coat. Detangling sprays can help loosen mild tangles, while de-matting combs and rakes work well for small, tight mats. For large or stubborn mats, clippers may be necessary to shave the area and remove the mats completely.
Of these options, a de-matting rake is often the best choice for removing most mats at home. The sharp, fine teeth can cut through and unravel mats with precision. Dematting rakes allow you to remove mats without cutting or damaging the coat. For safety and comfort, always brush out ends of the mat as you work.
Regular brushing and grooming is crucial for preventing mats in the first place. A clean coat free of debris is less likely to tangle. Establish a grooming routine of thorough brushing multiple times per week. Pay extra attention to prone areas like the ears, belly, and behind the legs. Keeping your dog’s coat healthy and mat-free improves their comfort and skin health.